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NEWS FROM DIAGNOSTIC WORLD: THE EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON ITALIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE

         Written by Francesca Di Turo

Translated by Sarah Fortunee Tabbakh

Italian Version Here

The work I would like to discuss today is carried out by the all-Italian groups ENEA, CREA and ISPRA and follows a European line of research aimed at studying the effect of air pollution on materials. This article (read here) examines the damage that can be caused by weather conditions and pollutants on limestone, bronze and copper in Italy. 
 Through mathematical equations previously developed (UNECE Task Force of ICP Materials), it is possible to calculate the corrosion rate (or the superficial recession of the material) by dividing Italy into grids of 4x4 km in order to obtain a high resolution for the evaluation of the effect of pollution on limestone, copper and bronze. This simulation allows us to identify the areas in which the cultural goods composed of these materials have suffered the greatest damage. The research shows that the main cause of the degradation of the limestone, inevitably more exposed to damage than bronze and copper, are particulates and nitric acid. 
 However, the situation seems to have improved from 2003 to 2010 thanks to the reductions in pollutant emissions. The study carried out with the Random Forest Analysis, aimed at identifying the main factors responsible for the degradation of each material in a year, is particularly interesting. This work, linked to a previous research carried out at a European level (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749116306170?via%3Dihub) stands as a useful tool for assessing and controlling the damage that our heritage has suffered over the years due to atmospheric pollutants. The conservation of the exposed materials in an uncontrolled environment is a difficult problem to solve, but this modeling could still allow an organic planning of monitoring and prevention actions essential to preserve our cultural heritage. 

Francesca 

 To read the research: Alessandra De Marco, Augusto Screpanti, Mihaela Mircea, Antonio Piersanti, Chiara Proietti (2017) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.066

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